Open families
· Expect, allow, and encourage differences among people.
· Expect, allow, and encourage necessary space and separation between and among people.
· Welcome and embrace “outsiders” and place a high value on hospitality.
· Encourage dialogue and conversations about difficult or taboo topics.
· Trust, and continue to trust, even though letdowns will be inevitable.
· Affirm each other without an attached agenda.
· Anticipate spontaneity and unpredictability.
Closed families
· Value uniformity.
· Emphasize togetherness.
· Breed suspicion.
· Control content of conversations with silencing nods and slicing looks.
· Punish breaches of word or trust and remind others of their former failures.
· Affirm to teach or to control.
• Plan the fun and the unexpected out of everything.
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